升降臺NMRV090蝸輪蝸桿減速機自鎖失效原因分析

文章出處：admin 人氣：發(fa)表時間：2019-09-19 17:05

升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)降(jiang)(jiang)臺(tai)(tai)NMRV090蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)輪(lun)蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)桿減(jian)(jian)(jian)速(su)機(ji)(ji)自鎖失效原因(yin)分析。蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)輪(lun)蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)桿傳(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)是(shi)機(ji)(ji)械傳(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)中不可缺少的(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)布置(zhi)形式。在(zai)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)降(jiang)(jiang)臺(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)(de)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)降(jiang)(jiang)傳(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)中使(shi)用蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)輪(lun)蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)桿減(jian)(jian)(jian)速(su)機(ji)(ji)可以(yi)防(fang)止臺(tai)(tai)面的(de)(de)(de)自動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)回(hui)落(luo)。由于蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)輪(lun)蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)桿傳(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)安裝(zhuang)誤(wu)差的(de)(de)(de)影響．其自鎖性能(neng)(neng)往(wang)往(wang)失效。以(yi)RV減(jian)(jian)(jian)速(su)機(ji)(ji)驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)降(jiang)(jiang)臺(tai)(tai)為(wei)(wei)例(li)，旦自鎖失效，就會導致臺(tai)(tai)面的(de)(de)(de)自動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)回(hui)落(luo)，影響整(zheng)個生產(chan)線的(de)(de)(de)運(yun)轉，還有可能(neng)(neng)出現較為(wei)(wei)嚴(yan)重的(de)(de)(de)安全事故。蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)輪(lun)蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)桿傳(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)降(jiang)(jiang)臺(tai)(tai)主要(yao)由升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)降(jiang)(jiang)臺(tai)(tai)面、臺(tai)(tai)面旋轉支(zhi)撐(cheng)座(zuo)、舉升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)連桿、蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)輪(lun)蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)桿減(jian)(jian)(jian)速(su)機(ji)(ji)、聯軸(zhou)器(qi)、曲柄和電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)等組成。舉升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)連桿、曲柄、臺(tai)(tai)面旋轉支(zhi)撐(cheng)座(zuo)均(jun)為(wei)(wei)對稱布置(zhi)。其基本(ben)工(gong)作過(guo)程是(shi)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)電(dian)(dian)控控制電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)旋轉，帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)RV減(jian)(jian)(jian)速(su)機(ji)(ji)運(yun)轉．安裝(zhuang)在(zai)蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)輪(lun)軸(zhou)兩端(duan)的(de)(de)(de)曲柄做(zuo)圓周運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，從而帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)舉升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)連桿做(zuo)上(shang)(shang)下運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)．通(tong)(tong)過(guo)舉升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)連桿的(de)(de)(de)作用推(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)降(jiang)(jiang)臺(tai)(tai)面圍繞臺(tai)(tai)面旋轉支(zhi)撐(cheng)座(zuo)做(zuo)上(shang)(shang)下擺動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，實現臺(tai)(tai)面的(de)(de)(de)舉升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)和下降(jiang)(jiang)。這種結構(gou)廣泛(fan)應用于鋼(gang)鐵廠(chang)軋鋼(gang)生產(chan)線的(de)(de)(de)三輥(gun)初扎機(ji)(ji)上(shang)(shang)。

鵠興蝸輪蝸桿減速機NMRV，升降臺NMRV090蝸輪蝸桿減速機自鎖失效原因分析
NMRV75.NMRV90.NMRV110減速機安裝尺寸

蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)輪(lun)蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)桿(gan)(gan)中心安(an)裝誤(wu)差所致(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)自鎖失效分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)析(xi)(xi)：當蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)輪(lun)蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)桿(gan)(gan)減速箱推動(dong)舉升(sheng)連(lian)桿(gan)(gan)運動(dong)到高(gao)位置(zhi)(zhi)時，電機(ji)停(ting)轉(zhuan)，蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)輪(lun)蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)桿(gan)(gan)不能自鎖，升(sheng)降(jiang)臺(tai)面緩慢下降(jiang)。假設升(sheng)降(jiang)平臺(tai)給升(sheng)降(jiang)連(lian)桿(gan)(gan)的(de)(de)(de)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)為(wei)Fc，曲柄長度為(wei)R，外力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)施(shi)加給蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)輪(lun)轉(zhuan)矩(ju)。根據升(sheng)降(jiang)臺(tai)的(de)(de)(de)尺寸和舉升(sheng)重物分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)析(xi)(xi)，當曲柄角(jiao)度處(chu)于的(de)(de)(de)第(di)1象限或者第(di)Ⅱ象限的(de)(de)(de)某(mou)角(jiao)度時，轉(zhuan)矩(ju)有(you)大值。蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)輪(lun)蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)桿(gan)(gan)自身受(shou)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)析(xi)(xi)：法向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)為(wei)蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)輪(lun)面反(fan)作用在蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)桿(gan)(gan)嚙(nie)合點的(de)(de)(de)作用力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，該法向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)垂直(zhi)(zhi)指向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)此處(chu)齒廓。為(wei)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)析(xi)(xi)方便．將其分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)解成3個相(xiang)互垂直(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。因NMRV090減速機(ji)蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)桿(gan)(gan)軸(zhou)線與(yu)蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)輪(lun)軸(zhou)線成空(kong)間(jian)90o布置(zhi)(zhi)．即(ji)作用在蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)桿(gan)(gan)上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)圓(yuan)周力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)與(yu)蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)輪(lun)上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)軸(zhou)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)相(xiang)等(deng)．蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)桿(gan)(gan)上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)軸(zhou)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)與(yu)蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)輪(lun)上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)圓(yuan)周力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)相(xiang)等(deng)。蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)桿(gan)(gan)上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)徑向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)與(yu)蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)輪(lun)上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)徑向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)相(xiang)等(deng)．以上(shang)(shang)(shang)各組(zu)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)方向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)均相(xiang)反(fan)。

安(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)位(wei)置(zhi)偏(pian)(pian)移對(dui)(dui)受(shou)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)分析(xi)：RV減(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)機(ji)(ji)蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)桿(gan)中(zhong)間平面(mian)(mian)(mian)安(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)有三種(zhong)位(wei)置(zhi)。蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)桿(gan)中(zhong)間平面(mian)(mian)(mian)與蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)中(zhong)間平面(mian)(mian)(mian)重(zhong)合(he)或(huo)(huo)者(zhe)在允許(xu)誤差范圍內，蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)桿(gan)中(zhong)間平面(mian)(mian)(mian)與蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)中(zhong)間平面(mian)(mian)(mian)存(cun)在安(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)偏(pian)(pian)差而且偏(pian)(pian)差超過(guo)允許(xu)范圍，或(huo)(huo)者(zhe)偏(pian)(pian)向(xiang)左側，或(huo)(huo)者(zhe)偏(pian)(pian)向(xiang)右(you)側。以右(you)旋(xuan)蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)桿(gan)傳動(dong)為(wei)(wei)例，若蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)桿(gan)減(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)機(ji)(ji)中(zhong)蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)桿(gan)是(shi)逆時(shi)針方向(xiang)旋(xuan)轉，則(ze)蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)旋(xuan)向(xiang)為(wei)(wei)自外向(xiang)里旋(xuan)轉，此時(shi)蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)接觸斑點(dian)偏(pian)(pian)左，蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)齒面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)磨(mo)(mo)損(sun)左側比(bi)右(you)側嚴重(zhong)，對(dui)(dui)于(yu)升(sheng)降臺這(zhe)樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)型載荷，這(zhe)種(zhong)現象(xiang)會更(geng)為(wei)(wei)明(ming)顯，磨(mo)(mo)損(sun)越來越嚴重(zhong)，經過(guo)嚴重(zhong)磨(mo)(mo)損(sun)后，RV伺服減(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)機(ji)(ji)中(zhong)蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)螺(luo)旋(xuan)角(jiao)(jiao)由初期的(de)(de)(de)(de)逐漸增大。這(zhe)種(zhong)偏(pian)(pian)置(zhi)安(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)同樣導致(zhi)了(le)蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)桿(gan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)磨(mo)(mo)損(sun)和加重(zhong)了(le)金屬膠(jiao)合(he)現象(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)生，即(ji)導程(cheng)角(jiao)(jiao)增大了(le)。當(dang)曲柄驅動(dong)舉升(sheng)連桿(gan)使得升(sheng)降臺面(mian)(mian)(mian)至于(yu)高(gao)點(dian)位(wei)置(zhi)時(shi)，假設此時(shi)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)停(ting)轉，由于(yu)升(sheng)降臺面(mian)(mian)(mian)施加給蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)轉矩的(de)(de)(de)(de)存(cun)在，RV減(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)機(ji)(ji)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)成為(wei)(wei)主動(dong)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)，蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)桿(gan)成為(wei)(wei)被動(dong)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)，作(zuo)用(yong)在蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)桿(gan)齒面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)圓周力(li)就(jiu)會隨著(zhu)導程(cheng)角(jiao)(jiao)度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)增大而增大，當(dang)導程(cheng)角(jiao)(jiao)度(du)增加至超過(guo)當(dang)量摩擦角(jiao)(jiao)時(shi)．蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)桿(gan)減(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)機(ji)(ji)就(jiu)失去了(le)自鎖功能，因此升(sheng)降臺不能停(ting)在高(gao)點(dian)位(wei)置(zhi)，而自動(dong)回(hui)落。

結論：蝸(gua)輪(lun)蝸(gua)桿(gan)減速機(ji)廣泛應用于機(ji)械設備中(zhong)．在(zai)很多場合都要求(qiu)蝸(gua)輪(lun)蝸(gua)桿(gan)具有自(zi)鎖性(xing)．當蝸(gua)輪(lun)蝸(gua)桿(gan)的中(zhong)間平面安裝(zhuang)位置存在(zai)偏差(cha)時，即傳動中(zhong)間平面極限(xian)(xian)偏差(cha)超(chao)出(chu)極限(xian)(xian)時，且導(dao)致導(dao)程角度增(zeng)加(jia)至超(chao)過當量摩擦角時．就會失去(qu)自(zi)鎖功能。

鵠興(xing)蝸輪蝸桿(gan)減速(su)(su)機(ji)NMRV，升降臺NMRV090蝸輪蝸桿(gan)減速(su)(su)機(ji)自鎖失效(xiao)原(yuan)因分析

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